逝去的时光 发表于 2009-4-11 22:42:08

[04/11]中国文化之美:台北故宫博物院历年展出主题壁纸[56P]

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逝去的时光 发表于 2009-4-11 22:43:00

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逝去的时光 发表于 2009-4-11 22:46:27

本帖最后由 逝去的时光 于 2009-4-11 22:55 编辑

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逝去的时光 发表于 2009-4-11 22:46:44

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逝去的时光 发表于 2009-4-11 22:46:52

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逝去的时光 发表于 2009-4-11 22:47:28

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历史往往要留下一些沧桑和遗憾,艺术瑰宝在历史的变化中常常或聚或散。中国的艺术瑰宝在20世纪前,多集中于皇宫内府,20世纪初集中于北京故宫博物院。由于众所周知的原因,在20世纪中叶,一宫国宝纷飞两岸,“故宫博物院”也随之有了两个:北京故宫博物院和台北故宫博物院,两个故宫博物院分别庋藏着中华民族的国宝。

国宝迁往海岛
故宫,顾名思义,旧王朝的宫殿,指的是坐落在北京的紫禁城。1924年,爱国将领冯玉祥发动北平事变,强令“皇帝”溥仪出宫。1925年故宫博物院宣告成立,开辟铜器、书画、瓷器各陈列室供民众参观。由此,普通民众得以眼见秘藏深宫之千年国宝。然时世艰难,因日寇侵华,抗战爆发,为了保护国宝,故宫开始了举世闻名的“文物万里大迁徙”。从1933年至1944年,故宫1.3万余箱书画、铜器、瓷器、玉器精品及图书善本历经11年,行程万余里,一迁上海、二迁南京、三迁西南大后方。每一迁都惊心动魄,每一迁都留下了难忘的故事。“万里大迁徙”中国宝保存完好,创下了世界文物史上的一个奇迹。故宫博物院在危难中保护了国宝,中国人民在危难中维护了国宝的尊严。
直到1948年,故宫的国宝仍在祖国大陆,分别藏于北京和南京,仍是一个故宫博物院。1948年年底,由南京迁往台湾的国宝分三批。第一批于1948年12月22日启运,由国民党海军军舰“中鼎号”运载,计有古物295箱,图书18箱,文献7箱,共计320箱,于12月27日到达台湾基隆;第二批文物1949年1月6日启运,由“招商局”的“海沪轮”运载,计有古物496箱,图书1184箱,共计1680箱,于1月9日到达台湾基隆;第三批文物1949年1月29日抵达台湾。三批文物共计2922箱,数量上虽然只有存放南京文物的1/4,但在质量上多是精品。
这些国宝迁往台湾后,先存台中市,租借台中市糖厂仓库存放。1950年4月,台中郊外雾峰乡仓库落成,迁台文物随即迁入新库存藏。1957年在亚洲协会的赞助下,在仓库之外建一小型陈列室,公开展览所藏文物。1961年,台湾“行政院”决定在现址即台北市士林区外双溪建设新馆,1962年6月奠基,1965年落成。新址为纪念孙中山先生百岁诞辰,命名为“中山博物院”。同时,台湾当局的“行政院”公布了“国立故宫博物院”临时组织条例规程,其中规定:“将来国家统一后,故宫文物仍交回本院”。1965年11月12日,台北故宫博物院正式开馆。至此,运往台湾的国宝开始有了良好的保存和展览环境。也正是由这一天开始,中国有了两个故宫博物院,台北故宫博物院比北京故宫博物院晚成立40年。

国宝藏在台北外双溪
台北故宫博物院是一座仿古典样式的现代博物馆,坐落在台北山清水秀的外双溪,建院基地面积为161519公顷。建筑设计吸收了我国传统的宫殿建筑形式,淡蓝色的琉璃瓦屋顶,米黄色的墙体,洁白的白石栏杆环绕在青石基台之上,风格清新雅丽。内部陈设完全按现代博物馆的要求设计。自上世纪80年代,所藏国宝已进入恒温、防火、防潮、防震以及24小时安全监控的现代化科技维护。
在这个现代化的博物馆里面,珍藏着由祖国大陆运往台湾的文物60万件。其中器物、书画5万余件,善本书籍近16万册,清宫档案文献38万册,加上迁台后征集的文物总计65万件。这个数字虽然不及北京故宫博物院的藏品数量,然其中的精品却是举世无双价值连城。如玉器中的新石器时期鸟纹玉饰,汉代的玉角形杯、玉辟邪,清代的碧玉鳌鱼花插;青铜器中的商代兽面纹方尊,西周的祖乙尊;瓷器中的宋代钧窑丁香紫尊,明代景德镇釉里红菊花大碗,清代康熙窑的宝石红观音瓶;书法中王羲之的《快雪时晴帖》,怀素的《自叙帖》,颜真卿的《刘中使帖》,苏轼的《前赤壁赋》;绘画中李思训的《江帆楼阁图》,范宽的《溪山行旅图》,郭熙的《早春图》以及古籍善本中的宋元刻本,都是无上的国宝。

一叶参 发表于 2009-4-14 13:41:26

感谢时光再次分享http://www.xyhc.com/viewthread.php?tid=956447&highlight=%CC%A8%B1%B1%B9%CA%B9%AC

luckyzy58 发表于 2009-4-14 15:57:59

都是国宝啊
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